IGCSE Geography / Development and human welfare

Case study: Italy, a divided country revision notes

Edexcel International GCSE Geography (4GE1), chapter 9: Development and human welfare, specification point 9.2b. Part of the full course.

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Italy is a developed country, but there is a clear gap in income, jobs, poverty and life expectancy between the north and the Mezzogiorno. The causes include differences in location, land, industry and skilled workers, while decades of funding have not closed the gap.

More lessons in Development and human welfare

• What development and human welfare mean
• What contributes to development
• Measuring development: GDP per capita
• Measuring development: the Human Development Index
• Measuring inequality and corruption
• The global pattern of development
• Why development is uneven
• The impacts of uneven development
• Demographic data and development
• Population structure and development
• International aid
• Agreements between governments
• Different views on closing the development gap
• Top-down and bottom-up development
• Case studies: top-down projects in Nigeria and the UK
• Case studies: bottom-up projects in Kenya and South Africa