IGCSE Geography / Development and human welfare

Demographic data and development

Edexcel International GCSE Geography (4GE1), chapter 9: Development and human welfare, specification point 9.2c, 9.S5. Part of the full course.

Read the revision notes · IGCSE Geography past papers

Demographic data describes population using measures such as birth rates, mortality and fertility. Their units matter, and patterns in the data can help you judge a country’s level of development.

More lessons in Development and human welfare

• What development and human welfare mean
• What contributes to development
• Measuring development: GDP per capita
• Measuring development: the Human Development Index
• Measuring inequality and corruption
• The global pattern of development
• Why development is uneven
• The impacts of uneven development
• Case study: Italy, a divided country
• Population structure and development
• International aid
• Agreements between governments
• Different views on closing the development gap
• Top-down and bottom-up development
• Case studies: top-down projects in Nigeria and the UK
• Case studies: bottom-up projects in Kenya and South Africa