IGCSE Geography / Development and human welfare

Agreements between governments

Edexcel International GCSE Geography (4GE1), chapter 9: Development and human welfare, specification point 9.3a. Part of the full course.

Read the revision notes · IGCSE Geography past papers

Intergovernmental agreements are deals between governments that can help reduce uneven development. Global goals, debt relief and trade agreements work in different ways, but each has limits.

More lessons in Development and human welfare

• What development and human welfare mean
• What contributes to development
• Measuring development: GDP per capita
• Measuring development: the Human Development Index
• Measuring inequality and corruption
• The global pattern of development
• Why development is uneven
• The impacts of uneven development
• Case study: Italy, a divided country
• Demographic data and development
• Population structure and development
• International aid
• Different views on closing the development gap
• Top-down and bottom-up development
• Case studies: top-down projects in Nigeria and the UK
• Case studies: bottom-up projects in Kenya and South Africa